Enterprise & Equity Values

Can a company have a negative Enterprise Value? How?

Valuation

What are the three main valuation methodologies?

DCF

How do you calculate WACC?

Accounting

Where can you find Depreciation on the Income Statement?

Accounting

Does Goodwill get amortized?

DCF

How do you calculate cost of equity?

Merger Model

What are some reasons for why a company would want to acquire another company?

DCF

How do you determine the discount rate in a DCF?

Accounting

Why isn't the Income Statement affected by changes in Inventory?

LBO

Why do private equity firms use leverage when buying a company?

Valuation

What are some problems with using a Comparable Companies analysis?

Merger Model

A company with a higher P/E multiple acquires one with a lower P/E multiple. Is this deal accretive or dilutive?

DCF

Walk me through a DCF

Accounting

What is Goodwill Impairment?

Valuation

What are some problems with using a Precedent Transactions analysis?

Accounting

What's the difference between capital leases and operating leases?

Merger Model

Why would a strategic acquirer typically be willing to pay more for a company than a private equity firm?

Enterprise & Equity Values

Why do you add Minority Interest to Enterprise Value?

Accounting

How do you calculate Free Cash Flow?

DCF

Would you expect the cost of equity to be higher for a $1 billion or $100 million market cap company?

Accounting

What are deferred tax assets and liabilities?

DCF

What is a potential issue with basing terminal multiples on current public company multiples?

Accounting

What is Operating Margin?

LBO

What are the different levers in an LBO?

Accounting

What does it mean if a company has negative Working Capital?

Accounting

How do you calculate LTM (last twelve months) financials?

LBO

What is the circular reference in an LBO?

Accounting

What is gross profit?

Accounting

What is working capital?

Merger Model

Why does goodwill get created in an acquisition?

Accounting

If depreciation is a non-cash expense, why does it affect the cash balance on the Cash Flow Statement?

Merger Model

What are synergies? What kinds of synergies are there?

DCF

How do you calculate terminal value?

Merger Model

What is the difference between a merger and an acquisition?

Enterprise & Equity Values

How do you calculate Equity Value?

Valuation

What are the most common valuation multiples?

Merger Model

Is there a shortcut to determine whether a transaction is accretive or dilutive to shareholders?

Merger Model

Why would an acquisition be dilutive?

DCF

Walk me through how to get from Revenue to Unlevered Free Cash Flow in your DCF projections

Accounting

What are some of the major line items on the Income Statement?

DCF

What is beta?

Accounting

Walk me through the three financial statements

Accounting

What happens to the three financial statements if we use PIK interest?

Enterprise & Equity Values

What is the difference between Equity Value and Shareholders' Equity?

Enterprise & Equity Values

Why do you need to add Minority Interest to Enterprise Value?

Valuation

How would you rank the 3 major valuation methodologies from highest to lowest in expected value?

Enterprise & Equity Values

When acquiring a company, should you look at Enterprise or Equity Value?

DCF

How do you calculate beta?

Accounting

What is the relationship between CapEx and Depreciation?

LBO

Walk me through an LBO

LBO

What are some characteristics that make a good LBO candidate?

LBO

How could a PE firm boost its return in an LBO?

Merger Model

In an all-stock deal, how can you quickly tell if a deal will be accretive or dilutive?

LBO

What is the "tax shield" in an LBO?

Accounting

What are some of the major line items on the Balance Sheet?

Valuation

When would you use an LBO analysis as a part of your valuation?

Valuation

What is a Sum of the Parts valuation and when would you use it?

Valuation

When would it not make sense to use a DCF in a valuation?

Accounting

How is goodwill calculated?

Accounting

What is the difference between goodwill and intangible assets?

Accounting

What flows into Retained Earnings?

Enterprise & Equity Values

Why do you subtract cash in the Enterprise Value formula?

Valuation

What are some other possible valuation methodologies besides the main three?

Enterprise & Equity Values

How do you calculate Fully Diluted Shares Outstanding?

Accounting

What is gross margin?

Accounting

Is it possible to have negative Shareholder's Equity? If so, how?

Accounting

How does $10 of Depreciation affect the three financial statements?

DCF

Would you expect the WACC to be higher for a $1 billion or $100 million market cap company?

Enterprise & Equity Values

Why is debt added to Equity Value in the formula for Enterprise Value?

Enterprise & Equity Values

Is it possible for a company to have a negative Equity Value? How?

LBO

Why would a PE firm perform a dividend recap of one of their portfolio companies?

LBO

What is a dividend recap?

DCF

How do you calculate WACC for a private company?

Accounting

What are some examples of non-recurring charges that would be added back to a company's EBITDA?

DCF

Why do you usually project out 5-10 years in a DCF?

Accounting

Walk me through how $10 of Depreciation affects the three financial statements

Accounting

What is amortization?

Enterprise & Equity Values

What is the formula for Enterprise Value?

Accounting

How does a company decide when to capitalize or expense a purchase?

DCF

What happens to WACC as you increase leverage?

DCF

What is the mid-year convention and why would you use it in a DCF?

Accounting

What is goodwill?

DCF

Which company would we expect to have a higher beta, an industrials company or an internet company?

Accounting

What are some of the major line items on the Cash Flow Statement?

Enterprise & Equity Values

Why can't you use Equity Value / EBITDA as a multiple?

Valuation

What is a Liquidation Valuation analysis and when would you use it?

DCF

What are the formulas for un-levering and levering Beta?

DCF

How do you select the appropriate exit multiple when calculating terminal value?

LBO

What variables impact an LBO the most?

DCF

What happens if you use Levered Free Cash Flow instead of Unlevered Free Cash Flow in your DCF?

Enterprise & Equity Values

Should you use the book value or the market value of each item when calculating Enterprise Value?

Enterprise & Equity Values

What are the four most common valuation multiples?

Accounting

How does Inventory increasing by $10 affect the three financial statements?

Valuation

How would you present your various valuation methodologies to a client?

Accounting

A company makes a $100 cash purchase of equipment on Dec. 31. How does this impact the three statements this year and next year?

Merger Model

Walk me through a basic merger model

Accounting

What are some ways that companies can manipulate their earnings?

Enterprise & Equity Values

What is the difference between Enterprise Value and Equity Value?

Accounting

What is the difference between deferred revenue and accounts receivable?

Accounting

How do the 3 financial statements tie together?